ERC-TransCause

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Current Project

ERC
TransCause

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About

TransCause project integrates a wide variety of fields of research such as geology, geomorphology, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, biological evolution as well as in depth study of the hominin behavioral repertoire form multiple points of view and temporal resolutions. This range of topics will be harnessed to study past hominin adaptations to their particular physical and social environments and how these circumstances shaped the trajectories of cultural evolution.


 

 

The Team

Ariel Malinsky-Buller

Ariel Malinsky-Buller
Dr.
Ariel
Malinsky-Buller
Co-PI

Dr.
Ariel
Malinsky-Buller

Co-PI

Dr. Ariel Malinsky-Buller received his BA (2004), MA (2009), and PhD (2015) from the Hebrew University. He was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Connecticut (2015-16) and a senior researcher at the MONREPOS Archaeological Research Centre and Museum for Human Behavioural Evolution (2016-2021) before happily returning to the Institute of Archeology at the Hebrew University in 2021.

Dr. Malinsky-Buller is a Palaeolithic archaeologist and over the past 15 years He hase been conducting multidisciplinary research encompassing a wide range of topics: material culture studies, mainly lithic technology; geology; geomorphology and paleoclimate. He has been conducting excavations and surveys at Paleolithic sites, directing and coordinating research efforts as well as analyzing lithic assemblages dating from the Lower Paleolithic to Neolithic periods in Israel, France, Georgia and Armenia. Since 2016, he has been leading interdisciplinary and international research projects in Armenia.

 

Boris Gasparyan

Boris Gasparyan
Boris
Gasparyan
Co-PI

Boris
Gasparyan

Boris Gasparyan - since 1992, is a researcher at Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia and is an Assistant Professor in the Department Archaeology and Ethnography at Yerevan State University. Since 2000 he directed and co-directed many international joint archaeological missions in Armenia. He is an author of around 180 scientific publications regarding different aspects of Archaeology of Armenia and Near East.

One of the well-known projects led by Gasparyan is the Areni-1 cave, were the worlds’ oldest shoe and wine producing facility were discovered. Among the achievements are the excavations of the Lower Paleolithic site of Haghtanak-3 in the Debed River valley, series of important Middle Paleolithic sites (Hovk-1, Barozh-12, etc.), the Upper Paleolithic sites of Aghitu-3 cave and Kalavan-1 open-air site and others. Gasparyan also contributed to the study of the Neolithic-Chalcolithic, Bronze-Iron Ages, Classical Period and Medieval monuments of Armenia.

Andarnik Gyonjyan

Andranik Gyonjyan
Andarnik
Gyonjyan

Andranik Gyonjyan

Andarnik Gyonjyan

 

Andarnik Gyonjyan graduated from the Ar as a veterinarian. He started his scientific career at the Laboratory of Zoology of Vertebrates at the Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology of NAS Armenia in 2008. Since 2008, he studies animal bone remains from burials and archaeological monuments from the Bronze and Iron ages. Currently, he is a researcher at the Laboratory of Zoology of Vertebrates, finishing his PhD research themed “Hunting and animal husbandry in the Bronze and Iron Ages in North-western Armenia”. Moreover, Andarnik is involved and actively works with mammal species in Armenia, studying their ecology and comparatively analyzing their distribution data with the findings from the archaeological sites. 

Research interests: Zooarcheology, Zoology, Mammology, Archaeology, Zoogeography, Paleoanthalogy, Paleology. 

TransCause project: As an Armenian team member, Andranik conducts the collecting of raw materials as one of the aspects of a comparative study of biological evolution. 

 

Artur Petrosyan

Artur Petrosyan
Artur
Petrosyan

Artur
Petrosyan

Artur Petrosyan graduated from the Faculty of Culture at the Armenian State Pedagogical University in 2005 obtaining a degree of a Museologist and Conservator of Historical Sites. In 2007 Mr. Petrosyan graduated from the Department of Archaeology and Ethnography at the Faculty of History of Yerevan State University obtaining an MA degree in Archaeology and History. He continued his education at the Faculty of Cultural Heritage and Environment at the University of Milan (Italy) studying the Methodology of Archaeological Research in 2008, then he did another course of Lithic Industry and Experimental Archaeology at the Department of History and Cultural Heritage of the University of Siena (Italy) in 2010. From 2007 to 2010, Artur did his PhD education at the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of NAS RA. Since 2007, Artur Petrosyan works at the same Institute as a Researcher.

Since 2005, as archaeologist he has participated in a number of archaeological expeditions in Armenia, Italy (Calvatone, Sassofortino) and UAE (Vadi al Hello). Currently he is the co-director of Armenian – Italian, Armenian – Japanis, Armenian – Chinese, Armenian-Russian joined expeditions in Kotayk, Vayots Dzor, Ararat, Lori and Armavir regions (Armenia). The scope of his specific professional interest is the research on the Archaeological Method and Theory, Neolithic Archaeology, Lithic Industries, Lithic analysis and organization of technology, Prehistory of Armenia, Southern Caucasus and Near East. Petrosyan is a member of Is.I.P.U - Istituto Italiano di Paleontologia Umana Anagni (Rome, Italy), I S M E O - Associazione Internazionale di Studi sul Mediterraneo e l'Oriente (Rome, Italy), Individual member of International Council of Museums (ICOM/ICMAH - International Committee for Museums and Collections of Archaeology and History), Individual member of International Council on Monuments and Sites - ICOMOS. He is an Archaeological Expert at the National Bureau of Expertise, RA NAS.

Delphine Vettese

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Dr.
Delphine
Vettese

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Dr. 
Delphine
Vettese 

Dr. Delphine Vettese has a Ph.D. in zooarchaeology from the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle of Paris, France. Her thesis focused on the butchery tradition of Neanderthal groups. She is currently a Postdoc Research Fellow at the University of Ferrara (Italy) and is part of the Group I+D+I EvoAdapta (the University of Cantabria in Santander, Spain), which focuses on the Neanderthal/Sapiens transition. She had wide experience in subsistence behavior and taphonomy interpretations of archaeological sites, mainly in European Middle and Upper Paleolithic sites. Her skills include experimental archaeology, especially in anthropic marks (percussion marks, cutmarks, and retouchers) and spatial analyses, applied at the level of the site and of the bone. She has participated in several archaeological excavations in Southwestern Europe (France, Spain, and Italy). Dr. Vettese is responsible for the archeozoological analyses of the faunal assemblages uncovered in the project.  

Ellery Frahm

Ellery Frahm
Dr.
Ellery
Frahm

Dr.
Ellery
Frahm

Dr. Ellery Frahm received his BA (1999) from Grinnell College and his MA (2002) and PhD (2010) from the University of Minnesota, where he was also a Research Associate in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences as well as a Postdoctoral Associate and an Assistant Professor (Temporary) in the Department of Anthropology. He was a Marie Curie Experienced Research Fellow at the University of Sheffield (2012-2014) and a Research Fellow at Harvard University (2015-2016). Currently, he is a Research Scientist (Faculty) in the Department of Anthropology at Yale University, where he has been the Director of the Yale Initiative for the Study of Ancient Pyrotechnology since 2017.

Dr. Frahm has conducted and published research on four continents – Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America – spanning nearly half a million years of human history. A unifying theme of his research is elucidating how human groups made use of natural resources distributed across the landscape, how they responded to challenges within their environments, and how the resulting behaviors influenced connectivity and, in turn, opportunities for the spread of technological innovations and social changes. Since 2010, his work has largely focused on the Caucasus, specifically Armenia and Georgia, although his other projects span from China to Kenya.

Gor Kaloyan

gor
Gor
Kaloyan

gor

Gor Kaloyan

Gor Kaloyan graduated from Armenian National Agrarian University as a veterinarian. He started his scientific career at the Laboratory of Zoology of Vertebrates at the Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology of NAS Armenia in 2008. He left and was back to academic work in 2019. As a junior researcher, he studies mammal species, specifically small vertebrates. Currently, he works on his PhD research themed “Eurasian otter ecology and distribution in Armenia”. Moreover, Gor is actively involved and works with reptile and lizard species in Armenia, studying their ecology, distribution data and movement patterns of this taxon.

Research interests: Zoology, Mammology, Herpetology, Animal behaviour

TransCause project: Gor is involved in finding and collecting the raw materials for a comparative study.

 

Hugues Alexandre Blain

Hugues Alexandre Blain
Dr.
Hugues Alexandre
Blain

Dr.
Hugues-Alexandre
Blain

Dr. Hugues-Alexandre Blain has earned his PhD (2005) at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de Paris from a background in Geology and Biology at the University of Basse-Normandie (Caen, France). He is currently Leader Group of “Human Paleoecology of the Plio-Pleistocene” at the Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (Center of Excellence Maria de Maeztu). As a specialist in fossil amphibians and reptiles, his research applies on a taxonomic approach as his main primary-data paleoecological proxy to reconstruct the climate and landscapes of the Early and Middle Pleistocene (2.6 to 0.12 Ma). For that, he has adapted and developed a strong methodology, combining other proxies, to infer quantitative paleoclimate parameters from numerous archaeo-paleontological localities, participating in several field seasons at Spain, France, Italy, Morocco, Serbia, Armenia, among others. With this track, Dr. Blain is currently testing and unifying the different methodologies based on small vertebrates, sharpening paleoclimate estimates based on continental records, in order to contrast climate changes on land, biodiversity loss and hominin dispersal models. As a collaborator of the TransCause project, he will co-supervise the PhD of Dominik Lukas Rogall, entitled: “Herpetofauna and microfauna analysis in Armenia as proxy for past human occupation”.

Research interests: Amphibians, Reptiles, Pliocene, Pleistocene, Holocene, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, Ambiental Archeology, Modern Osteology, Biotic Responses to Past Climate change, Extinction.

Maria Zicos

Maria Zicos
Dr.
Maria
Zicos

Maria Zicos

Dr.

Maria Zicos

 

 

Maria Zicos received her BSc (2014) and MSc (2015) from the University of St Andrews. She did her PhD at Queen Mary University of London and the London Natural History Museum through a London NERC DTP studentship (2017-2024). She is now working as an ERC-funded postdoctoral researcher at the Natural History Museum in London.

Maria’s main research interest involve population dynamics of mammals through time, in particular in the shifting environments of the Quaternary and in the present. She has a background of ecology, population modelling and ancient DNA. She uses ancient DNA methods on museum and archaeological specimens to reconstructs fluctuations of genetic diversity through time in mammal populations, either in the distant past or present with the aim to conduct conservation genomic analysis on species facing conservation threats today.

 

Masha Krakovsky

Masha Krakovsky
Masha
Krakovsky

Masha
Krakovsky

Masha Krakovsky completed her B.A and M.A degrees in the Institute of Archaeology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem with an emphasis on Middle Paleolithic period. Her M.A thesis was conducted under the supervision of Prof. Erella Hovers. The study's aim was to test a model of territoriality through the study of the Levallois triangular blanks from a detailed technological perspective. Blanks from the assemblages of Amud (sub-units B1, B2 and B4) and Kebara (units XI and X) caves were used for the case study.

Throughout the years Masha has participated in numerous excavations of various archaeological periods, primarily prehistoric, in different capacities. She currently works at the Prehistory Branch in the Israel Antiquities Authority, as a specialist in lithics of various periods and as a field archaeologist.

Her prime interests are in lithics and cultural transmission of knowledge during the Middle Paleolithic.

Paloma Vidal-Matutano

Dr. Paloma Vidal-Matutano
Dr.
Paloma
Vidal-Matutano

Dr. Paloma Vidal-Matutano

Dr.

Paloma Vidal-Matutano 

 

Dr. Paloma Vidal-Matutano received her BA (2011), MA (2012), and PhD (2016) from the University of Valencia, Spain. Since 2017, she has carried out several postdoctoral stays in Spain, France and Switzerland in the framework of different regional (APOSTD), national (Juan de la Cierva-Formación and Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación) and European (Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions) postdoctoral fellowships.

Her research is focused on the analysis of plant macroremains (charcoal and wood) from arcaheological sites. She combines the analysis of firewood gathering strategies among hunter-gatherer groups from different geographic contexts (Spain, Italy, Montenegro, Armenia, Morocco) with archaeobotanical analyses (charcoal and desiccated wood) from Prehispanic contexts of the Canary Islands. My interest in obtaining meaningful data regarding wood acquisition strategies has guided my research towards implementing experimental methods and the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Research interests: Palaeolithic Archaeology, Archaeobotany, Wood, Charcoal, Palaeoenvironment, Palaeoclimate, Palaeoeconomy, Experimentation, Taphonomy, Wood technology, GIS.

 

Selina Brace

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Dr.
Selina
Brace

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Dr.
Selina
Brace

Dr Selina Brace received her B.Sc. from University College London (UCL) in 2004 and her PhD from Royal Holloway University of London (RHUL) in 2010. She was a postdoctoral researcher at RHUL until 2013, then a Wellcome funded postdoctoral researcher at the Natural History Museum (NHM) London until 2017. Since 2017 she has been employed as Principal Researcher in ancient DNA at the NHM.

Dr Selina Brace is an ancient DNA specialist with >10 years of experience working with degraded DNA samples. She specialises in DNA recovery from museum and palaeontological specimens and is an expert in ancient DNA extraction and NGS sequencing coupled with downstream analyses. Her work addresses questions relating to taxonomy and evolutionary relationships, also responses to past events (climatic and human mediated) and colonisation and extinction events. She has used ancient DNA at the species and population levels to explore past histories and structure of various taxa including insects, extinct and endangered large and small mammals, and humans.

 

Tsovinar Hovhannisyan

tsovinar
Tsovinar
Hovhannisyan

tsovinar

Tsovinar Hovhannisyan

 

Tsovinar graduated from the Pedagogical University of Armenia with a Master's degree in Biology. The topic of her Master's thesis was “The ecology of Long-legged buzzard (Buteo rufinus) and breeding preferences in Armenia”. Starting in 2011, she works at the laboratory of Zoology of Vertebrates of the Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology of NAS Armenia. Tsovinar has more than ten years of work experience with raptor species starting as a volunteer at the Batumi Raptor counts (2008, 2009) and working as a Biodiversity expert (2012,2017) in the eastern forested areas of Armenia. As a PhD applicant at the laboratory of Zoology of Vertebrates, she studied Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) ecology, population trends impacted by climate change and movement patterns of the species in Armenia. 

Research interests: Zoology, Ornithology, Climate change, Behavioural Ecology, Feeding Ecology.

TransCause: Tsovinar is the lead of the Armenian team researching birds of prey and their feeding ecology. 

 

 

Work

WP1 focuses on targeted surveys and excavations at three main sub-regions within Armenia, that were selected according to variations in altitude. These regions will be studied to build an intra-regional comparative database. The three areas are complementing segments in the expected elevation mobility patterns. Various depositional environments and occupational records of both cave and open-air sites will be studied in order to test the expectations for hominin settlement dynamics within Armenia. 

WP2 will generate biotic and geological paleo-environmental proxies derived from the excavations at Palaeolithic and paleontological sites across the different segments of the topography and orography of Armenia. A rich corpus of environmental proxies will be collected and analysed by the project collaborators, taking advantage of the diverse depositional environments within the study area. This database will yield a nuanced picture of sub-regional environmental conditions. 

WP3 will focus on the current biodiversity of microfauna and herpetofauna in Armenia as a key to study population dynamics of rodents. With the aid of rodent’s ancient DNA (aDNA) will provide a novel proxy that informs on historical faunal population structure, including turnover events, ebb and flow, refugia and possibly endemism. This dataset will examine population dynamics of past micromammals against the backdrop of the paleoenvironmental oscillations. 

WP 4 aims to address human population resilience via high resolution ecological niche modelling using downscaled temporal climate maps. These model downscaled climate outputs will be used to calculate minima, maxima and average values for temperature and precipitation on monthly, seasonal and annual scales, as well as seasonal variation in temperature and precipitation and inter-annual climate variability. Those variables in turn can be evaluated as parameters influencing the strategies chosen by hunter-gatherers to mitigate environmental oscillations. The models will form the basis for testing for the effects of climatic and ecological oscillations upon the different ecological sub-regions tested in the project. Local paleo-environmental proxies resulting from WP 2 as well as the reconstructed population dynamics of micro-fauna as retrieved from the aDNA in WP 3 will be used to test and refine the habitability maps of WP 4.